It's definitely pine. Unfortunately, it can be hard to get pine to look right on the finishing side, and to choose finishes that keep it looking good.
Use a shellac-based sealer or pre-stain preparation before you apply your new finish, even if you're going to be painting it: a proper pre-finish sealer will keep your stain from looking overly splotchy in the near term, or the pine resins from discoloring your paint from underneath with time.
Also be aware that pine yellows over time, to the point of becoming orange. Your current finish is fairly dark and in a reddish shade that complements the natural yellowing, so if you like that end result, when picking your stain you should do the same.
But if you are thinking of going lighter and "brightening up" the piece, consider your choices carefully. You might even want to do a paint wash instead of a traditional stain.
Watch some "refinishing pine" videos on YouTube to give you more information, not so much on what to do but on what to avoid.
It is all too easy to make pine look like shit when you're refinishing. But now you have been warned, so if you just think it through before you dive into the new finish you'll be fine. It's all about pre-sealing (non-negotiable, IMO) and then choosing a finish and shade that accounts for how pine bleeds and changes color.
EDITED to add: Here's a video that illustrates five different ways you can go with your pine once you get it down to raw wood, if you're interested. She goes into the various options and why she does what she does: you should get a good overview of what you're facing from it.