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TIL about “passive houses,” building that are airtight and require barely any energy to heat or cool
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Airtight isn't really the best way to describe it. Rather it's controlled air exchange, this way instead of 1000 tiny leaks all over you have a central controlled means to exchange air.
Passive home typically have ERVs or HRVs (Energy/Heat Recovery Ventilators) to achieve this, they can control the heat/humidity in the air.